Daim Ntawv Qhia Ua tiav New Zealand's Subantarctic Islands

2024 Tus sau: Cyrus Reynolds | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-08 02:54

Cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws New Zealand feem ntau paub tias lub tebchaws muaj ob lub tebchaws tseem ceeb (North thiab South) nrog rau Rakiura Stewart Island tawm sab qab teb ntawm South Island, thiab ntau lub tebchaws me. Ntau tus neeg tau hnov txog New Zealand lub Subantarctic Islands tuaj, txawm li cas los xij, thiab qhov tseeb, ntau tus neeg New Zealand tsis paub ntau txog lawv. Tab sis tsib pawg kob nyob rau hauv Dej Hiav Txwv Yav Qab Teb, nruab nrab ntawm South Island thiab Antarctica, yog cov nplua nuj nrog cov tsiaj tsis tshua muaj thiab fauna thiab suav nrog UNESCO World Heritage Site. Txawm hais tias ob peb tus neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws mus rau cov Islands tuaj tsis muaj neeg nyob, nws tuaj yeem mus rau qhov ntawd ntawm kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb lossis tshwj xeeb pab pawg me me.

New Zealand's Subantarctic Islands Nyob Qhov Twg?

New Zealand's Subantarctic Islands yog suav nrog tsib pawg kob thiab plaub ntug dej hiav txwv:

• Antipodes Islands thiab Marine Reserve: Cov Islands tuaj roob hluav taws yog 530 mais sab qab teb-sab hnub tuaj ntawm Rakiura Stewart Island, sab qab teb ntawm New Zealand lub ntsiab Islands tuaj.
• Auckland Islands thiab Marine Reserve: Auckland Islands yog 290 mais sab qab teb ntawm lub nroog Bluff, hauv qab ntawm South Island.
• Ntau Islands thiab MarineReserve: Lub Bounty Islands yog 22 granite pob zeb 430 mais sab hnub tuaj-sab qab teb-sab hnub tuaj ntawm New Zealand. Tsis muaj ib qho twg ntawm cov Islands tuaj yuav muab thauj tog rau nkoj lossis av, yog li tsawg tus neeg tuaj xyuas.
• Campbell Island thiab Marine Reserve: Campbell Island yog yav qab teb ntawm tag nrho cov Islands tuaj, 430 mais sab qab teb ntawm South Island, thiab 170 mais sab qab teb ntawm Auckland Island.
• Snares Islands: Snares Islands yog ze tshaj plaws rau thaj av New Zealand, tsuas yog 60 mais sab qab teb ntawm Rakiura Stewart Island.

Keeb kwm ntawm Subantarctic Islands

Ntau pawg ntawm New Zealand Subantarctic Islands tau qhia los ntawm European cov neeg tshawb nrhiav thaum xyoo 1780 thiab 1800s, txawm hais tias South Island thiab Rakiura Steward Island Maori pab pawg (iwi) tau paub txog qee cov Islands tuaj nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev.. Lub Bounty Islands tau muaj npe nyob rau xyoo 1788 los ntawm Tus Thawj Tub Rog William Bligh ntawm lub nkoj tsis zoo ntawm Bounty, tsuas yog ob peb lub hlis ua ntej lub nkoj Pacific Dej hiav txwv mutiny. Cov Snares tau pom los ntawm cov neeg European hauv xyoo 1791, txawm hais tias Maori ntawm Rakiura Stewart Island twb paub txog cov Islands tuaj, hu lawv Tini Heke. Lub Antipodes Islands tau teev nyob rau hauv 1800 tab sis Campbell Island tseem tsis tau paub txog thaum nws pom nyob rau hauv 1810 los ntawm Captain Frederick Hasselburgh ntawm lub nkoj sib khi.

Cov Islands tuaj tau siv los ua qhov chaw sib khi nyob rau xyoo 19th thaum ntxov, tab sis qhov chaw hnyav txhais tau tias tsuas yog cov neeg nyuaj tshaj plaws los mus pw hav zoov nyob ntawd. Kaum tawm txhiab tus foob pob hluav taws raug tua thoob plawsSubantarctic Islands nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo caum ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, rhuav tshem cov pej xeem foob sai li sai tau tias kev lag luam xaus rau xyoo 1830. Tom qab cov neeg foob raug tshem tawm ntawm Campbell Island, whaling tau dhau los vim lub koog pov txwv yog thaj chaw yug me nyuam rau sab qab teb txoj cai whales

Ntau lub nkoj tau tawg nyob ib puag ncig cov Islands tuaj ntau pua xyoo. Qhov nruab nrab, lub nkoj tau poob rau hauv cov Islands tuaj ib zaug txhua tsib xyoos ntawm xyoo 1860 thiab 1900. Qhov tsis ntev los no yog Totorore, lub nkoj tshawb fawb albatross, tawm ntawm Antipodes Islands xyoo 1999.

Cov neeg Maori hauv paus txawm paub txog qhov muaj nyob ntawm Auckland Islands ua ntej European kev txiav txim siab ntawm New Zealand. Ngai Tahu iwi ntawm South Island muaj cov dab neeg ntawm kev mus ncig ua si rau cov Islands tuaj. Auckland Islands kuj yog qhov chaw ntawm ntau qhov kev sim ua tsis tiav los ntawm Europeans ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb hauv xyoo pua 19th. Kev qhia txog cov kab mob kis tau ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov Islands tuaj 'ecology, thiab cov kws tshawb fawb thiab Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Tiv Thaiv tseem tab tom sim kho qhov kev puas tsuaj no.

Cov Islands tuaj tam sim no tsis muaj neeg nyob, txawm hais tias txog xyoo 1995 cov neeg ua haujlwm tshawb fawb tau nyob mus tas li ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb huab cua ntawm Campbell Island.

Yuav Tau Li Cas Thiab Thaum Mus Ncig

Lub Subantarctic Islands nyob deb ntawm New Zealand cov chaw ncig tebchaws uas nyiam tshaj plaws, tab sis cov neeg taug kev uas muaj kev txaus siab rau qhov xwm txheej thiab cov tsiaj qus tuaj yeem mus xyuas cov Islands tuaj ntawm kev ncig xyuas. Daim ntawv tso cai yuav tsum tau, thiab cov no tuaj yeem tau los ntawm covDepartment of Conservation (DOC). Qee cov neeg ncig tebchaws thoob ntiaj teb thiab hauv zos New Zealand cov neeg ncig tebchaws uas tshwj xeeb hauv rugged, txawv txawv qhov chaw muaj kev tawm mus rau cov Islands tuaj. Cov neeg tuaj saib yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus qhia nruj txhawm rau txo qis tib neeg kev cuam tshuam rau cov ecosystems tshwj xeeb ntawm cov Islands tuaj.

Huab cua ntawm txhua lub koog pov txwv feem ntau yog txias, ntub, huab cua, thiab cua. Nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj, cov sij hawm nruab hnub yuav luv luv nyob rau lub caij ntuj no thiab ntev nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov. Txawm tias ntev npaum li cas los xij, los nag thiab huab cua txhua hnub hnub ci qis. Cov pab pawg sab qab teb tshaj plaws, Campbell Islands, pom qhov nruab nrab txhua xyoo kub tsuas yog 43 degrees F (6 degrees C).

Lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws-thiab tsuas yog mus xyuas cov Islands tuaj yog thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis thiab Lub Peb Hlis (Lub caij ntuj sov Southern Hemisphere). Txawm hais tias cov xwm txheej tsis sov txawm tias thaum lub caij ntuj sov, nws tsuas yog lub sijhawm ntawm lub xyoo thaum nruab hnub thiab qhov kub thiab txias tuaj yeem tuaj xyuas. Lub hiav txwv tej yam kev mob yuav nyuaj rau txhua lub sij hawm ntawm lub xyoo, thiab tours tsis tshua muaj ib tug teem itinerary: tus thawj coj txiav txim siab hais tias yuav mus qhov twg nyob ntawm seb lub sij hawm.

Pom Dab Tsi

Cov Islands tuaj Subantarctic muaj qee qhov kev hloov pauv tsawg tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Txhua yam yog National Nature Reserves, uas yog New Zealand qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev tiv thaiv. Txawm hais tias qee lub tebchaws nyob ze rau thaj av loj tau raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev muaj cov nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj txhu nkag mus rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19, lwm tus tau xyaum tsis raug. Ntau cov noog, nroj tsuag, thiab invertebrates nyob ntawm nonrhiav tsis tau nyob qhov twg hauv ntiaj teb no.

Thaum cov Islands tuaj Subantarctic feem ntau koom ua ke, muaj ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv. Raws li cov Islands tuaj nyob ntawm qhov sib txawv latitudes, muaj ntau yam huab cua, nrog rau ntau yam nroj tsuag, tsiaj txhu, thiab noog nyob ntawm txhua lub koog pov txwv geology thiab keeb kwm ntawm tib neeg kev sib cuag. Thaum lub Bounty Islands yog granite pob zeb qhov twg ob peb nroj tsuag loj hlob (feem ntau lichens), lwm cov Islands tuaj yog feem ntau volcanic. Lub Auckland Islands yog qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov Subantarctic Islands, nrog cov nplua nuj sau ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab paj, feem ntau invertebrates, thiab ib co ntawm cov noog uas tsawg tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no.

Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws.

Txawm tias cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj tau raug tua yuav luag txog 200 xyoo dhau los, lawv cov pej xeem tau rov zoo dua. Lub Bounty Islands yog ib lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau cov no. Sealions tseem tuaj yeem pom nyob ib ncig ntawm cov Islands tuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau ntawm Auckland Islands, uas yog thawj qhov chaw yug me nyuam ntawm New Zealand sealion.

Birds

Peb caug hom noog muaj nyob ntawm no (yog txhais tau tias, cov noog uas nrhiav tsis tau lwm qhov). Yog li, Subantarctic Islands yog qhov txaus siab tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg nyiam noog. Nov yog qee cov noog uas koj tuaj yeem pom ntawm Subantarctic Islands:

• Antipodes parakeet, nyob rau Antipodes Islands, uas yog ntsuab, hauv av-tsev, thiab tseem ceeb rau cov neeg noj nqaij.
• Ntau ntau hom albatross , suav nrog dub-browed, greyheaded, lightmantled sooty, Gibson's wandering, thiab Antipodes wandering albatross.
• Bounty Island shags ntawm Bounty Island, lub ntiaj teb cov noog uas tsis tshua muaj cormorant.
• Erect-crested penguins ntawm Antipodes thiab Bounty Islands.
• Sooty shearwaters tuaj rau Snares Islands hauv lawv lab lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav.
• Snares crested penguins tsuas yog yug rau ntawm Snares Islands, qhov twg muaj ntau dua 100 lub tebchaws.
• Yellow-eyed penguins ntawm Auckland Islands.
• White-capped mollymawks ntawm Auckland Islands.
• Campbell Island teal, uas tau rov qab los rau hauv cov kob xyoo 2004 tom qab cov pejxeem raug txiav los ntawm nas.

Lwm Tsiaj qus

Lwm cov tsiaj ntxim nyiam suav nrog cov kab laug sab loj heev, New Zealand sealions, yav qab teb ntxhw cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj, thiab New Zealand fur seals. Cov cheeb tsam hauv qab dej kuj tseem nplua nuj nyob hauv cov nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj txhu, thiab thaum koj yuav tsis dhia dej lossis snorkeling ntawm no, kev pom hauv qab ntawm qhov chaw hauv qee qhov chaw zoo heev. Tej zaum koj tuaj yeem pom cov seaweed nthuav tawm ntawm koj lub nkoj.

Historical Sites

Lub Auckland Islands, tshwj xeeb, muaj ntau qhov chaw nthuav dav kev coj noj coj ua thiab keeb kwm, suav nrog Lub Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II lookout tsev pheeb suab, qhov ntxa rau cov neeg raug tsim txom ntawm lub nkoj tawg, cov chaw nyob siv los ntawm cov neeg muaj sia nyob hauv nkoj, thiab cov seem ntawm Enderby Settlement, ib qho lub zos nyob rau ntawm Enderby Island. Tseem muaj pov thawj archaeological ntawm Polynesian voyagers nrhiav Enderby Island nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 13th.

Wildflower enthusiasts yuav txaus siab rau CampbellIsland. Ntawm no, ntau yam loj, muaj yeeb yuj, herbaceous, perennial wildflowers tau yoog rau cov xwm txheej hnyav, muab lub rooj noj mov pom ntawm lub suab grey tones ntawm cov kob huab cua. Cuaj kaum-xyoo pua lus Askiv botanist thiab explorer Joseph Hooker tau piav txog Campbell Island tias muaj flora "thib ob rau tsis muaj nyob sab nraum tropics".