Kawm Txog Parthenon thiab Acropolis hauv Athens, Greece

2024 Tus sau: Cyrus Reynolds | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-08 03:58

Ntawm lub Parthenon hauv Athens, koj yuav pom cov seem ntawm lub tuam tsev ua rau Greek vajtswv poj niam Athena, tus vajtswv poj niam ntawm lub nroog qub qub ntawm Athens, xyoo 438 BC. Lub Parthenon nyob rau ntawm lub Acropolis, ib lub roob overlooking lub nroog ntawm Athens, tim Nkij teb chaws.

About the Acropolis

Acro txhais tias "siab" thiab polis txhais tau tias "lub nroog," yog li Acropolis txhais tau tias "lub nroog siab." Ntau qhov chaw hauv tebchaws Greece muaj acropolis, xws li Kaulinthaus hauv Peloponnese, tab sis Acropolis feem ntau yog hais txog qhov chaw ntawm Parthenon hauv Athens.

Thaum lub Parthenon tau tsim, Lycabettus Hill nyob sab nraum lub nroog Athens. Tab sis Lycabettus yog tam sim no, lub roob siab tshaj hauv Athens. Nce nws kom pom qhov ci ntsa iab ntawm Acropolis thiab Parthenon.

Ntxiv rau qhov pom tseeb classical monuments koj yuav pom ntawm Acropolis, muaj ntau yam qub txeeg qub teg txij thaum lub sijhawm Mycenean thiab ua ntej. Koj tuaj yeem pom nyob deb ntawm cov qhov tsua dawb ceev uas ib zaug tau siv rau kev ua koob tsheej rau Dionysos thiab lwm yam Greek deities. Cov no feem ntau tsis qhib rau pej xeem.

Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Acropolis nyob ib sab ntawm lub pob zeb ntawm Acropolis thiab tuav ntau qhov kev tshawb pom los ntawm Acropolis thiab Parthenon. Lub tsev no hloov lub qub tsev cia puav pheej uas yognyob rau saum lub Acropolis nws tus kheej.

About the Parthenon

Lub Parthenon hauv Athens tau suav tias yog qhov piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Doric-style kev tsim kho, ib qho yooj yim, unadorned style characterized los ntawm cov kab dawb. Txawm hais tias cov kws tshaj lij kev xav txawv, qhov kev kwv yees zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Parthenon qhov loj me yog 111 feet ntawm 228 ko taw lossis 30.9 meters los ntawm 69.5 meters.

Lub Parthenon tau tsim los ntawm Phidias, tus kws kos duab nto moo, ntawm qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm Pericles, tus kws lij choj Greek tau lees paub nrog kev tsim lub nroog Athens thiab nrog kev txhawb nqa "Golden Age of Greece." Cov kws tsim vaj tsev Greek Ictinos thiab Callicrates tau saib xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim kho. Lwm cov ntawv sau rau cov npe no suav nrog Iktinos, Kallikrates, thiab Pheidias. Tsis muaj kev txhais lus Greek ua lus Askiv, ua rau muaj ntau yam kev sau ntawv.

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev pib thaum xyoo 447 BC thiab txuas ntxiv mus txog li cuaj xyoo mus txog rau 438 BC; qee cov khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj tau ua tiav tom qab. Nws tau ua rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub tuam tsev ua ntej uas qee zaum hu ua Pre-Parthenon. Muaj tej zaum txawm tias yav dhau los Mycenean tseem nyob rau ntawm Acropolis vim qee cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd tau pom muaj.

Lub tuam tsev yog dawb huv rau ob yam ntawm Greek vajtswv poj niam Athena: Athena Polios ("ntawm lub nroog") thiab Athena Parthenos ("cov hluas nkauj hluas"). Qhov - ntawm qhov xaus txhais tias "qhov chaw ntawm," yog li "Parthenon" txhais tau tias "qhov chaw ntawm Parthenos."

Ntau yam khoom muaj nqis yuav tshwm sim hauv lub tsev,Tab sis lub koob meej ntawm Parthenon yog tus pej thuam loj heev ntawm Athena tsim los ntawm Phidias thiab ua los ntawm chryselephantine (ntse ivory) thiab kub.

Lub Parthenon tau dim ntawm lub sijhawm zoo nkauj, ua haujlwm ua lub tsev teev ntuj thiab tom qab ntawd ib lub mosque mus txog thaum kawg nws tau siv los ua cov khoom siv foob pob hluav taws thaum lub sijhawm Turkish ua haujlwm ntawm tim Nkij teb chaws. Los ntawm 1453 nrog rau lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm Constantinople mus txog rau thaum lub kiv puag ncig nyob rau hauv 1821, tim Nkij teb chaws tau nyob rau hauv txoj cai ntawm lub Ottoman Turks.

Nyob rau xyoo 1687, thaum sib ntaus sib tua nrog Venetians, qhov tawg tau tawg los ntawm lub tsev thiab ua rau ntau qhov kev puas tsuaj pom niaj hnub no.

The "Elgin Marbles" lossis "Parthenon Marbles" Kev tsis sib haum xeeb

Tus Tswv Elgin, tus neeg Askiv, tau thov tias nws tau txais kev tso cai los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm Turkish hauv zos kom tshem tawm txhua yam uas nws xav tau los ntawm qhov puas tsuaj ntawm Parthenon thaum ntxov 1800s. Tab sis raws li cov ntaub ntawv tseem muaj sia nyob, nws pom tau tias txhais tau tias "kev tso cai" heev liberally. Tej zaum nws yuav tsis tau suav nrog kev xa tawm cov khoom zoo nkauj thiab cov duab puab rau Askiv. Tsoomfwv Greek tau thov kom rov qab los ntawm Parthenon Marbles thiab tag nrho cov av tsis txaus tos lawv ntawm Acropolis Tsev khaws puav pheej. Tam sim no, lawv tau tso tawm ntawm British Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv London, England.

Mus ntsib Acropolis thiab Parthenon

Ntau lub tuam txhab muaj kev ncig xyuas ntawm Parthenon thiab Acropolis. Koj tuaj yeem koom nrog kev ncig xyuas rau tus nqi me me ntxiv rau koj qhov kev nkag mus rau ntawm qhov chaw nws tus kheej lossis tsuas yog taug kev ntawm koj tus kheej thiab nyeem cov ntawv txwv curation. Ib qho kev ncig xyuas uas koj tuaj yeem book ncaj qha ua ntej ntawm lub sijhawm yogAthens Ib nrab hnub Sightseeing ncig saib nrog Acropolis thiab Parthenon. Txij lub Kaum Ib Hlis mus txog Lub Peb Hlis, thawj hnub Sunday ntawm txhua lub hlis yog pub dawb nkag mus rau Parthenon.

Yog tias koj xav tau daim duab zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm koj mus ntsib, daim duab zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Parthenon yog los ntawm qhov kawg, tsis yog thawj qhov pom uas koj tau txais tom qab nce toj los ntawm propylaion. Qhov ntawd nthuav tawm lub kaum sab xis rau lub koob yees duab feem ntau, thaum qhov kev txhaj tshuaj los ntawm lwm qhov kawg yog qhov yooj yim kom tau txais. Thiab ces tig ib ncig; Koj tuaj yeem nqa qee cov duab zoo ntawm Athens nws tus kheej los ntawm tib qhov chaw.