Ayodhya hauv Uttar Pradesh: Phau Ntawv Qhia Ua tiav

2024 Tus sau: Cyrus Reynolds | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-08 03:00

Ayodhya muaj qhov tshwj xeeb hauv siab ntawm ntau tus neeg Hindus. Raws li Hindu mythology, tus Tswv Ram tau yug los nyob rau ntawd thiab nws yog qhov chaw rau "Ramayana," qhov zoo tshaj plaws epic uas qhia zaj dab neeg ntawm Ram lub neej txhawb siab. Ram yog pe hawm raws li lub xya incarnation ntawm tus Tswv Vishnu, tus preserver ntawm lub ntug. Tsis tas li ntawd, Garuda Purana (ib nqe vaj lug kub Hindu) teev Ayodhya ua ib qho ntawm sapta puri (xya lub nroog dawb huv) uas tuaj yeem muab moksha (kev dim ntawm lub voj voog ntawm kev tuag thiab kev yug dua tshiab). Nws tseem yog qhov chaw uas tsib ntawm Jainism lub tirthankars (cov kws qhia kev ntseeg) tau yug los. Qhov no ua rau lub nroog yog qhov chaw mus ncig tseem ceeb.

Ayodhya yog ib qho chaw nthuav rau cov neeg taug kev uas nyiam taug kev tawm ntawm kev sib tw thiab. Tsis tsuas yog nws zoo siab tsis muaj cov neeg tuaj ncig txawv teb chaws, nws yog lub nroog atmospheric thiab kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb uas qhia tau hais tias Is Nrias teb tau muab kev ntseeg sib txawv rau hauv nws cov ntaub ntawv sib raug zoo. Koj yeej tsis xav tias nws yog qhov chaw ntawm kev sib cav sib ceg iab thiab ua nruj ua tsiv.

Nyeem kom paub ntau ntxiv txog Ayodhya keeb kwm thiab yuav mus xyuas nws li cas hauv phau ntawv qhia ua tiav no.

History

Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1992, kev tawm tsam kev nom kev tswv hauv Ayodhya tau dhau los ua kev kub ntxhov, thaum lub sijhawm uas cov neeg ntxeev siab Hindu tau rhuav tshem lub xyoo pua 16th Mughal-era mosquelub npe hu ua Babri Masjid (Babur's Mosque). Lawv yog vim li cas yog lub mosque tau tsim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw dawb ceev uas tus Tswv Ram yug los. Qhov no tau hais tias tau tshwm sim tom qab Mughal tus thawj coj Mir Baqi rhuav tshem lub tuam tsev Hindu preexistent los tsim lub mosque rau huab tais Babur. Tus huab tais tau kov yeej feem ntau ntawm North Is Nrias teb, thiab thaj chaw mosque muaj qhov txawv ntawm Tughlaq-style architecture zoo ib yam li mosques hauv Delhi Sultanate.

Hindus thiab Muslims ob leeg pe hawm nyob rau hauv lub mosque thaj chaw mus txog rau 1855, thaum muaj kev sib cav ntawm ob pawg ntseeg. Qhov no ua rau cov thawj coj hauv tebchaws Askiv cais thaj chaw thiab tiv thaiv Hindus los ntawm sab hauv. Cov pab pawg Hindu thaum kawg tau thov kom tsim lwm lub tuam tsev nyob ib sab ntawm lub mosque xyoo 1885, tab sis lub tsev hais plaub tsis lees paub.

Xyoo caum tom qab, kev sib cais kev nom kev tswv tau ua rau muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb. Nyob rau hauv 1949, Hindu activists tsoo mus rau hauv lub mosque, thiab tso cov mlom ntawm tus Tswv Ram thiab nws tus poj niam Sita nyob rau hauv. Ib tus thawj coj hauv nroog tau tshaj tawm tias lawv qhov kev tshem tawm yuav ua rau muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv zej zog. Tsoomfwv tau kaw qhov chaw, kom cov pej xeem nkag tsis tau, tab sis tso cai rau cov pov thawj Hindu ua txhua hnub puja (rituals) rau cov mlom. Lub chaw tseem raug kaw thiab tsis sib haum xeeb, vim tias pawg ntseeg tau foob ntau qhov kev thov kom tswj hwm nws.

Ib qho kev nom kev tswv tshiab nyob rau xyoo 1980 txhawm rau "tsim" qhov chaw yug ntawm Tswv Ram thiab "rov qab" nws rau Hindus. Nws tau txais lub zog thaum xyoo 1986 lub tsev hais plaub tau tso cai rau lub rooj vag ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj rov qhib dua thiab Hindus tuaj yeem pe hawm sab hauv. Xyoo 1990, ib tog nom tswvteeb tsa lub rooj sib txoos rau Ayodhya los tsim kev txhawb nqa rau kev txav mus los. Cov neeg tawm tsam tau sim tawm tsam lub tsev teev ntuj tab sis tub ceev xwm thiab cov tub rog tuaj yeem tiv thaiv nws.

Kev tawm tsam ua tiav xyoo 1992 ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam thoob plaws Is Nrias teb, ua rau ntau txhiab tus neeg raug ploj. Tsoomfwv Indian tau teeb tsa ib pawg los tshawb xyuas qhov xwm txheej uas ua rau kev rhuav tshem lub mosque. Xyoo 2003, Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Siab Allahabad tau txiav txim rau Archaeological Survey ntawm Is Nrias teb txhawm rau khawb qhov chaw, saib seb puas muaj pov thawj ntawm lub tuam tsev Hindu. Txawm hais tias cov kab ntawm cov qauv loj tau pom nyob hauv qab nws, cov neeg Muslim tsis sib cav txog qhov kev tshawb pom.

Meanwhile, Hindus tau ua ib lub tuam tsev nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw, npe hu ua Ram Janambhoomi (Ram's Birthplace). Xyoo 2005, Muslim cov neeg phem tau tawm tsam nws nrog cov khoom tawg. Xyoo 2007, tus thawj coj ntawm lub tuam tsev tau txais kev hem thawj rau kev tuag. Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Siab Allahabad tau cuam tshuam rau xyoo 2010, tshaj tawm tias thaj av yuav tsum tau muab faib sib npaug ntawm Hindus, Muslims, thiab Nirmohi Akhara (ib pawg ntawm Hindu ascetics mob siab rau Tswv Ram). Qhov chaw ntawm lub mosque tau muab rau cov Hindus. Txawm li cas los xij, pawg ntseeg tau thov qhov kev txiav txim siab, thiab nws tau raug ncua los ntawm Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Siab. Thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2019, lub tsev hais plaub thaum kawg xaus qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb los ntawm kev txhawb nqa qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm Hindus. Kev tsim kho lub tuam tsev Ram tshiab tam sim no tab tom pib ntawm qhov chaw. Cov haujlwm tau tshawb pom ntau yam kev cai dab qhuas, txhawb ntxiv rau Hindus hais tias lub tuam tsev muaj nyob rau ntawd ua ntej Muslim invaders ua ib lub mosque.

Hmoov tsis zoo, Ayodhya keeb kwm thaum ntxov yog sketchy thiab tsis paub meej. Cov pov thawj archaeological qhia tias niaj hnub Ayodhya yog yav tas los lub nroog ntawm Saketa thaum lub sij hawm tus Tswv. Cov Vaj Lug Kub Npaiv Npaum hais tias Buddha nyob thiab tshaj tawm nyob ntawd ib ntus. Nws tau xav tias Gupta huab tais "Vikramaditya" Skanda Gupta, uas yog ib tus neeg mob siab rau ntawm tus Tswv Ram, tau hloov npe rau xyoo pua 5. Muaj qee qhov kev sib cav txog seb Ayodhya thaum ub nyob rau hauv "Ramayana," uas tau hais tias tau ploj mus rau ntau pua xyoo, yog tib lub nroog txawm li cas los xij.

Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis yog txog thaum Gahadavala dynasty cov thawj coj tau tsim ntau lub tuam tsev Vishnu hauv Ayodhya hauv 11th thiab 12th centuries uas cov neeg taug kev maj mam pib mus txog qhov ntawd. Kev pe hawm tus Tswv Ram tau muaj koob meej nyob rau hauv Ayodhya tom qab xyoo pua 15th, thaum cov dab neeg dab neeg hais txog nws loj hlob tuaj thiab lub nroog tau txais nws qhov chaw yug.

Qhov chaw

Ayodhya nyob rau sab qaum teb Indian xeev Uttar Pradesh, nrog rau tus dej Saryu. Nws yog kwv yees li ob thiab ib nrab teev sab hnub tuaj ntawm Lucknow (lub peev ntawm Uttar Pradesh), thiab tsib thiab ib nrab teev sab hnub poob ntawm Varanasi.

Yuav Tau Li Cas

Lub tshav dav hlau loj tshaj plaws nyob hauv Lucknow, thiab nws tau txuas nrog rau lwm lub nroog hauv Is Nrias teb. Yog li ntawd, Ayodhya yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws mus xyuas ntawm ib sab mus los ntawm Lucknow.

Ayodhya muaj chaw nres tsheb ciav hlau tab sis qhov chaw ntawm Faizabad, kwv yees li 20 feeb, yog qhov loj dua. Express thiab Super ceev tsheb ciav hlau los ntawm cov nroog loj thoob plaws Is Nrias teb nres qhov ntawd.

Yog tias koj taug kev los ntawm tsheb ciav hlau los ntawm Lucknow, pib ntxov los ntawm kev siv 13484 Farakka Express. Lub tsheb ciav hlau noLub nkoj tab tom xa khoom mus rau qhov chaw nres nkoj Lucknow thaum 7:40 sawv ntxov thiab tuaj txog hauv Ayodhya thaum 10:20 teev sawv ntxov Nws pib hnub Monday, Wednesday, Fridays thiab Saturdays. Txhua hnub 13010 Doon Express tawm Lucknow tom qab me ntsis, thaum 8:45 teev sawv ntxov, thiab tuaj txog hauv Ayodhya thaum 11:30 sawv ntxov Kev ncua tuaj yeem yog qhov teeb meem txawm li cas los xij, nrog lub tsheb ciav hlau feem ntau mus txog Lucknow ib teev lossis ob lig (nws pib hauv Dehradun hauv Uttarakhand)..

Hloov pauv, tsheb tavxij los ntawm Lucknow mus rau Ayodhya yuav raug nqi txog 3,000 rupees ib txoj kev. Nws muaj peev xwm phau ntawv nrog Uber.

Lub npav yog qhov kev xaiv pheej yig dua. Muaj kev pabcuam tsis tu ncua los ntawm Lucknow mus rau Faizabad thiab Ayodhya. Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb huab cua txias Shatabdi thiab Jan Rath kev pabcuam tsheb npav. Tus nqi ntawm daim pib yog li ntawm 230-350 rupees.

Yuav ua li cas muaj

Ayodhya qhov chaw nyiam tshaj plaws yog nws cov ntug dej hiav txwv zoo nkauj (cov kauj ruam coj mus rau dej) thiab ntau lub tuam tsev. Lub nroog tsis loj heev, yog li koj tuaj yeem mus xyuas lawv ko taw. Txoj kab uas hla yog kab nrog cov yam ntxwv qub-ntiaj teb cov tsev adorned nrog zoo carvings.

Rau cov neeg nyiam mus ncig ua si taug kev, Mokshdayni Ayodhya Taug kev ua los ntawm Tornos tau pom zoo.

Txwv tsis pub, pib ntawm ornate thiab vibrant Hanuman Garhi, uas yog lub tuam tsev ze tshaj plaws rau txoj kev loj. Lub tuam tsev tseem ceeb ntawm lub tuam tsev no tau mob siab rau Tswv Hanuman (tus vajtswv liab, uas tau pab tus Tswv Ram hauv nws txoj kev tawm tsam kev phem). Cov lus dab neeg hais tias nws tau siv los nyob ntawd thiab tiv thaivAyodhya. Lub tuam tsev tshwj xeeb yog tibneeg hu tauj coob hnub Tuesday, hnub tseem ceeb ntawm Hanuman pe hawm. Ceev faj cov liab uas sim nyiag lub prasad (muab khoom fij rau tus vajtswv).

Txuas ntxiv mus rau kev tshaj tawm Dashrath Mahal, nyob ib puas lossis li meters ntawm txoj kev ntawm Hanuman Garhi. Lub tuam tsev no hu ua lub palace ntawm Ram txiv. Nyob rau hauv lub imposing thiab muaj yeeb yuj arched txoj kev nkag, ib puag ncig yog uplifting nrog saffron-clad dawb huv cov txiv neej chanting thiab musicians ua si bhajans (suab paj nruag).

Ob peb feeb taug kev deb, Kanak Bhavan yog lub tuam tsev kub hnyiab uas tau hais tias tau ua tshoob rau Ram tus poj niam Sita los ntawm nws niam tais Kaikeyi. Tam sim no version tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1891 los ntawm Rani Krishnabhanu Kunwari ntawm Orccha. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Ayodhya cov attractions. Lub ambiance muaj kuj yog so, nrog cov neeg feem ntau hu nkauj thiab ntaus suab paj nruag. Lub tuam tsev qhib thaum 9 teev sawv ntxov txog tav su thiab 4 teev tsaus ntuj. mus 9pm. nyob rau lub caij ntuj no. Cov sij hawm caij ntuj sov txawv me ntsis (xyuas lub vev xaib kom paub meej).

Tig sab laug ua ntej Dashrath Mahal thiab taug kev luv luv mus rau Ayodhya lub tuam tsev muaj kev sib cav loj tshaj plaws, Ram Janambhoomi. Nkag siab, kev ruaj ntseg yog nruj thiab kev nkag yog txwv. Koj yuav tsum tau qhia koj daim ntawv hla tebchaws (lossis lwm daim ntawv pov thawj tsim nyog) thiab tso koj cov khoom tawm sab nraud rau hauv lub txee. Lub complex qhib thaum 7 teev sawv ntxov txog 11 teev tsaus ntuj thiab 2 teev tsaus ntuj. mus 6pm. Thaum koj nkag mus, nyob ze ntawm thawj qhov chaw kuaj mob, koj yuav tuaj hla lub thaj neeb me me hu ua Sita ki Rasoi (Sita's Kitchen). Lub chav ua mov cim no muaj lub ces kaum uas tau teeb tsa nrog kev thuam qub-cov khoom siv ua qauv, dov tus pin thiab dov phaj.

Ib 30-feeb taug kev yuav coj koj mus rau ntug dej thiab ghats. Qee qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb thiab muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb, xws li Lakshman Ghat (qhov twg Ram tus tij laug Lakshman da dej) thiab Swarg Dwar (tseem hu ua Ram Ghat, qhov twg tus Tswv Ram raug faus). Ntau lub ghats tau muab tso ua ke raws qhov chaw zoo nkauj hu ua Ram ki Paidi. Lub cheeb tsam no suav nrog lub tuam tsev Nageshwarnath, uas tau muab siab rau tus Tswv Shiva thiab tau hais tias tau tsim los ntawm Ram tus tub Kush. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, nyob ntawm ghats ncig hnub poob. Tawm mus rau hauv lub nkoj hauv tus dej thiab rov qab los rau lub sijhawm rau kev txhawb nqa Saryu Aarti (kev teev ntuj tua hluav taws). Cov ghats zoo nkauj illuminated nyob rau yav tsaus ntuj. Kev ua koob tsheej loj Diwali tshwm sim nyob rau lub Kaum Hli lossis Kaum Ib Hlis, nrog cov teeb pom kev ntawm ntau txhiab lub teeb hauv av.

Nres los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv Ayodhya Research Center ntawm Tulsi Smarak Bhavan kom kawm txog kab lis kev cai thiab cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm Ayodhya. Zaj dab neeg ntawm "Ramayana" yog piav qhia nyob rau hauv ntau hom Indian kos duab, thiab muaj kev ua yeeb yam dawb txhua hnub ntawm Ram Lila txij thaum 6 teev tsaus ntuj. rau 9 p.m.

Thaum koj taug kev hla txoj kev, koj kuj tseem yuav ntsib cov duab ntxim nyiam nrog cov xwm txheej ntawm "Ramayana" ntawm ob sab ntawm cov tsev. Cov tub ntxhais kawm txuj ci zoo nkauj thoob plaws Uttar Pradesh tau pleev xim rau ntawm 100 phab ntsa ua ib feem ntawm 2018 Ayodhya Art Festival.

Lwm cov kev nyiam hauv Ayodhya suav nrog ntau yam kunds (qhov dej) ua rau kev hwm ntawm cov cim los ntawm "The Ramayana," thiab pawg ntawm keeb kwm Sikh gurudwaras (qhov chaw ntawmpe hawm). Peb Sikh gurus (Guru Nanak, Guru Teg Bahadur, thiab Guru Govind Singh) tau ntseeg tias tau dhau los ntawm Ayodhya.

Yog tias koj tab tom npaj mus xyuas Ayodhya thaum lub Peb Hlis lig lossis lub Plaub Hlis ntxov, sim mus koom Ram Navami festival. Nws ua kev zoo siab rau hnub yug ntawm tus Tswv Ram. Ntau txhiab tus neeg mus ncig ua si los da dej dawb huv hauv tus dej, thiab muaj kev caij tsheb sib tw thiab kev ncaj ncees ib yam nkaus.

Khoom noj khoom haus

Muaj qee qhov chaw nyob hauv Ayodhya. Ramprastha Hotel yog koj thawj koom ruam zoo tshaj plaws, nrog chav ntawm ib ncig ntawm 1,000 rupees ib hmo. Koj yuav pom ntau qhov chaw nyob ze Faizabad, txawm hais tias tsis muaj ib qho zoo heev. Kohinoor Palace cuab yeej cuab tam tsev so yog qhov xaiv ntawm lawv. Cia siab tias yuav them txog 2,000 rupees ib hmos. Hotel Krishna Palace kuj nrov. Nws nyob ze ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb ciav hlau thiab muaj ib chav tshiab. Tus nqi pib los ntawm ib ncig ntawm 2,500 rupees ib hmos.

Cov kev xaiv hauv Lucknow yog qhov txaus siab dua. Lub Lebua yog ib qho khoom kim heev boutique cuab yeej cuab tam, tus nqi ntawm 10,000 rupees ib hmos nrog rau pluas tshais. FabHotel Heritage Charbagh yog ib qho pheej yig dua, yooj yim nyob rau hauv cov cuab yeej cuab tam tsev so uas raug nqi txog 2,500 rupees ib hmos upwards nrog rau pluas tshais. Lub Go Awadh hostel tshiab tau pom zoo rau cov neeg taug kev thiab cov neeg mus ncig nyiaj txiag. Cia siab tias yuav them 700 rupees ib hmo rau ib lub txaj hauv dorm thiab 1, 800 rupees rau chav pw ob leeg.