Humayun lub ntxa hauv Delhi: Phau Ntawv Qhia Ua tiav

2024 Tus sau: Cyrus Reynolds | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-08 03:27

Humayun's Tomb yog qhov chaw siab tshaj plaws hauv Delhi thiab yog ib lub nroog tseem ceeb Mughal-era monuments. Nws muaj lub cev ntawm tus huab tais thib ob ntawm Mughal Dynasty, Emperor Humayun, uas kav nyob rau xyoo pua 16th. Txawm li cas los xij, mysteriously, nws tsis tau ua tiav kom txog rau thaum ze li ntawm 15 xyoo tom qab nws tuag. Humayun's Tomb tau tshaj tawm tias UNESCO Ntiaj Teb Cov Cuab Yeej Cuab tam hauv xyoo 1993. Lub tsev loj loj loj, nrog nws qhov chaw zoo nkauj, yog thawj zaug hauv Is Nrias teb. Nws tsim cov qauv tshiab ntawm Mughal architecture, uas tau txais kev tshoov siab rau tom qab Mughal monuments xws li Taj Mahal.

Nrhiav paub ntxiv txog Humayun lub ntxa thiab yuav mus xyuas nws li cas hauv phau ntawv qhia no.

History

Huab tais Humayun kav Is Nrias teb ob zaug: txij xyoo 1530 txog 1540, thiab 1555 rau nws tuag hauv 1556. Tsis ntev tom qab los txog lub hwj chim, xyoo 1533, nws pib tsim nws lub nroog (hu ua Din Panah) nyob rau niaj hnub nim no. Delhi thiab ib qho ntawm Delhi lub qub forts (Purana Qila). Nws txoj kev kav tau cuam tshuam ib ntus los ntawm Afghan Sultan Sher Shah Suri, uas yog ib tus thawj coj hauv Mughal pab tub rog. Sher Shah Suri tau tsim lub tebchaws Suri thiab tau los ua ib tus neeg sab nrauv ntawm Humayun. Tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua, nws thaum kawg yeej nws hauv Tsov Rog ntawm Kannauj. Humayun yogyuam mus rau exile thiab Sher Shah Suri tau hla Din Panah, uas nws tig mus rau hauv nws lub nroog hu ua Shergarh.

Kev tuag ntawm Sher Shah Suri hauv 1545, thiab nws tus tub hauv 1554, ua rau lub tebchaws Suri tsis muaj zog. Qhov no tau muab lub sijhawm rau Humayun rov qab tswj hwm Is Nrias teb thiab rov ua txoj cai Mughal. Humayun txoj kev vam meej rov qab los tau raug txiav luv luv los ntawm nws txoj kev tuag tsis tu ncua ib xyoos tom qab ntawd, tom qab nws poob thiab poob rau ntawm tus ntaiv ntawm nws lub tsev qiv ntawv ntawm Din Panah. Qhov no ua rau kom xaus cov phiaj xwm zoo rau lub nroog uas nws vam tias yuav txhim kho.

Muaj kev kub ntxhov hauv nroog tom qab Humayun tuag, thiab qhov no kuj tseem yuav piav qhia vim li cas kev tsim kho nws lub tsev loj cuj tau qeeb. Nws lub cev ntseeg tias tau pib nkag mus rau hauv Din Panah tab sis Suri invaders yuam kom nws tsiv mus rau Sirhind, hauv Punjab, ib pliag.

Ua haujlwm ntawm Humayun lub qhov ntxa tau pib xyoo 1562 thiab ua tiav yuav luag kaum xyoo tom qab. Lub monument tau tsim los ntawm Persian kws kes duab vajtse Mirak Mirza Ghiyas, uas muaj kev paub dav hauv Bukhara (Uzbekistan). Nws tau saib xyuas los ntawm Humayun tus tub thiab tus ua tiav, tus huab tais loj Akbar, thiab Humayun tus poj ntsuam Haji Begum. Cov nplai loj loj thiab daim ntawv loj heev ntawm lub monument zoo li qhia tau tias Akbar muaj cov tswv yim tseem ceeb rau hauv nws, nrog rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tshaj tawm txog nws lub hom phiaj los nthuav Mughal txoj cai thoob plaws Is Nrias teb.

Huab tais Akbar nyiam nyob hauv Agra, thiab nws tau tsim lub peev tshiab ntawm Agra Fort ua ntej Humayun lub ntxa ua tiav. Qhov no ua rau kev kho ntawm lub monument thiab nws lub vaj manicured nyuaj, thiab nws tus mob pib deteriorate.

Txawm tiascov Mughals txiav txim siab rov qab mus rau Delhi hauv 1638, lawv tau tsim lub peev tshiab lavish hauv thaj chaw sib txawv. Emperor Shah Jahan tau tsim lub nroog Shahjahanabad (nrog rau lub cim liab Fort thiab Jama Masjid) nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam hu ua tam sim no-hnub qub Delhi. Cov Mughals tseem nyob ntawd mus txog thaum kawg ntawm lawv lub teb chaws Ottoman, ntawm txhais tes ntawm British, xyoo 1857. Txawm li cas los xij, Humayun's Tomb yog qhov kawg ntawm Mughal Emperor, Bahadur Shah Zafar, raug ntes tom qab nws khiav tawm mus.

Thaum lub sijhawm British txoj cai, lub vaj nyob ib puag ncig Humayun lub qhov ntxa tau siv rau kev cog qoob loo. Tom qab ntawd, tom qab xyoo 1947 Partition of India, cov neeg tawg rog tau teeb tsa rau thaj chaw. Cov chaw pw hav zoov nyob tau li tsib xyoos, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau lub monument thiab nws lub vaj.

Tsis muaj tsoomfwv cov peev txheej txhais tau tias lub monument tseem raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev tsis saib xyuas thiab kho tsis zoo kom txog rau thaum UNESCO World Heritage Listing tau ua rau muaj kev txaus siab dua. Nyob rau hauv 1997, Aga Khan Trust rau Kab lis kev cai ntiag tug-nyiaj txiag thiab tau txais kev kho dua tshiab ntawm monument lub vaj sprawling thiab keeb kwm chaw. Qhov no tau ua raws li kev kho dua tshiab rau xyoo ntawm lub qhov ntxa thiab lwm cov qauv, suav nrog cov kws tshaj lij craftsmen los ntawm Uzbekistan thiab Egypt, los ntawm 2007 txog 2013. Restoration tej hauj lwm tseem muaj nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub monument complex.

Qhov chaw

Humayun lub ntxa zaum rau sab qab teb ntawm Purana Qila. Nws nyob ze ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm Mathura Road thiab Lodhi Road, hauv New Delhi lub nroog Nizamuddin East.

Yuav Mus Ncig Humayun's Tomb

Lub monument qhibtxhua hnub txij hnub sawv ntxov mus txog hnub poob. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, cia ib teev lossis ob zaug pom nws. Nco ntsoov mus xyuas thaum sawv ntxov lossis lig tav su thaum lub lim tiam kom tsis txhob muaj neeg coob coob. Hnub so tshwj xeeb yog tibneeg hu tauj coob, thiab cov kab ntev rau daim pib muaj ntau. Yog tias koj tsis xav tos hauv kab, koj tuaj yeem yuav daim pib online ntawm no.

Tus nqi ntawm daim pib nce thaum Lub Yim Hli 2018, thiab luv nqi yog muab rau cov nyiaj tsis muaj nyiaj. Daim pib nyiaj ntsuab tam sim no raug nqi 40 rupees rau Indians, lossis 35 rupees cashless. Cov neeg txawv teb chaws them 600 rupees nyiaj ntsuab, lossis 550 rupees cashless. Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 15 xyoos tuaj yeem nkag tau dawb.

Hmoov tsis zoo, tsis muaj lub tsheb ciav hlau metro chaw nres tsheb ze rau Humayun's Tomb. Qhov ze tshaj plaws yog Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium ntawm Violet Line, 20 feeb taug kev deb. Nws pib rickshaws muaj. Xwb, siv txoj kab daj mus rau Jor Bagh Metro Chaw Nres Tsheb thiab pib tsheb rickshaw mus rau lub monument los ntawm qhov ntawd ntawm Lodhi Road. Humayun's Tomb tseem yog qhov nres ntawm Hop-On-Hop-Off Delhi Sightseeing Bus Tour.

Koj tuaj yeem xav ntiav cov lus qhia los nrog koj nyob ib puag ncig lub monument thiab piav qhia nws qhov tseem ceeb keeb kwm. Cov lus qhia yuav los ze koj ntawm qhov nkag tab sis yuav cia koj nyob ib leeg thaum koj xaiv ib qho. Nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog tiag tiag, vim tias lub monument complex muaj plaques nrog cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov qauv ntawm lawv. Lwm qhov kev xaiv yog rub tawm ib qho app rau koj lub xov tooj ntawm tes, xws li Humayun's Tomb CaptivaTour.

Nco ntsoov tias thaj chaw sab nraum lub monument muaj kev kub ntxhov, muaj ntau tus neeg hawkers thiab thov khawv. Cia siab tias yuav tau hassled los ntawm nws pib rickshaw tsav tsheb ib yam nkaus, leej twg yuav muabkev npau taws heev los yog xav coj koj mus rau cov khw uas lawv tau txais nyiaj. Tsis quav ntsej lawv, thiab tau txais lub tsheb rickshaw los ntawm lub voj voog.

Pom Dab Tsi

Humayun Lub Qhov ntxa tiag tiag yog ib feem ntawm qhov chaw loj uas npog thaj tsam 27 hectares ntawm thaj av thiab muaj ob peb lub vaj tom ntej uas tau tsim ua ntej xyoo pua 16th. Lawv suav nrog lub qhov ntxa ntawm Isa Khan (ib tug Afghan nobleman thaum lub sij hawm kav Sher Shah Suri), Nila Gumbad (lub Blue Dome, xav kom muaj lub cev ntawm Fahim Khan uas ua hauj lwm rau Mughal nobleman Abdul Rahim Khan-i-Khanan), Afsarwala Tomb thiab Mosque (tsim rau cov nom tswv ua haujlwm hauv Emperor Akbar lub tsev hais plaub), thiab lub qhov ntxa ntawm Bu Halima (tus poj niam tsis paub hais tias yog ib feem ntawm Humayun lub harem). Lub Arab Serai, qhov twg cov craftsman uas ua lub mausoleum nyob, yog txaus siab thiab. Nws muaj lub qhov rooj zoo siab uas tau rov qab los.

Nkag mus rau Humayun lub qhov ntxa yog los ntawm lub rooj vag sab hnub poob siab, uas qhib rau nws lub vaj geometrical expansive. Lub vaj no tau tsim los rov ua dua cov lus piav qhia ntawm lub vaj kaj siab hauv Quran, tau cog lus tias yuav yog qhov chaw so zaum kawg ntawm cov neeg ncaj ncees, nrog plaub quadrants (char bagh) sawv cev rau plaub tus dej ntws los ntawm nws.

Humayun lub mammoth liab sandstone mausoleum yog inlaid nrog sib piv dawb marble, thiab zaum ntawm lub platform loj nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub vaj. Dab tsi yuav xav tsis thoob, yog tias huab tais tsis yog tib neeg los faus rau hauv nws! Qhov tseeb, lub tsev loj cuj muaj ntau dua 100 qhov ntxa, muab nws lub npe "Tsev Neeg ntawm Mughals." Feem ntau ntawm lawv, tejzaum nws yog cov noblemen, nyobnyob rau hauv cov chav hauv lub platform. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov qhov ntxa hauv chav txuas nrog lub ntsiab chamber uas muaj Humayun lub ntxa. Cov no tau xav tias yuav tsev lub cev ntawm Humayun cov poj niam thiab lwm tus neeg hauv tsev neeg.

Lub toj ntxas zoo kawg nkaus architecture loj hlob tawm ntawm cov tsev Islamic yav dhau los tab sis tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb ntawm nws, nrog kev sib xyaw ntawm Persian thiab hauv zos Indian cuam tshuam. Nws cov domes me, lined nrog xiav thiab daj vuas, yog qhov tshwj xeeb tseem ceeb. Thaum lub sijhawm kho dua tshiab, cov kws ua txuj ci ib txwm siv los ntawm Uzbekistan tau qhia cov tub ntxhais hluas Indian hauv zos ua cov vuas.

Tsis ntev los no, 800 lub zog txuag hluav taws xob LED teeb tau teeb tsa rau lub tsev loj cuj lub ntsej muag marble dome kom pom nws tom qab hnub poob. Lub dome lit-up yog pom ntawm lub nroog lub skyline, nrog cov nyhuv striking mimicking lub hli.

Muaj ib lub tsev nyob rau hauv lub vaj ntawm Humayun lub qhov ntxa uas tau ua tom qab lub mausoleum tiav lawm. Lub npe hu ua Barber's Tomb, nws yog tus kws txiav plaub hau uas ua haujlwm rau Humayun.

Yuav Ua Li Cas Nyob ze

Muaj ntau qhov chaw nyob ze ntawm Humayun lub qhov ntxa uas koj yuav tsum tau xaiv thiab xaiv cov uas txaus siab tshaj plaws.

Lub ntxa ntawm Abdul Rahim Khan-i-Khana yog nyob ntawm Mathura Road, mus rau sab qab teb ntawm Humayun lub qhov ntxa.

Humayun lub qhov ntxa yog lub thaj neeb ntawm 14th caug xyoo Sufi Saint Hazrat Nizamuddin Auliya. Nws muaj npe nrov rau nws qhov kev ua yeeb yam qawwali ntawm cov nkauj devotional, uas tshwm sim muaj txhua hnub Thursday yav tsaus ntuj thaum tsaus ntuj. Thaj chaw, nyob rau hauv Nizamuddin West, yog congested heev thiab yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws tshawb nrhiav nrog cov lus qhia. Nws yog fascinating dhau! Koom nrog Kev Cia Siab Project taug kev ncig ntawm Nizamuddin Basti, ib lub zos Muslim Sufi qub uas nyob ib sab ntawm lub thaj neeb. Kev ncig xyuas xaus ntawm lub thaj neeb kom koj tuaj yeem ntes tau qwwwali hu nkauj. Cov cuab yeej cuab tam no Taug kev Los ntawm Nizamuddin yog lwm txoj kev xaiv.

Xav tshaib plab? Muaj qee lub tsev noj mov sib txawv hauv zej zog Nizamuddin, xws li kev noj zaub mov zoo niaj hnub mus rau cov khw muag khoom noj ib txwm muaj.

Purana Qila, mus rau sab qaum teb ntawm Humayun lub qhov ntxa, tsim nyog mus xyuas. Lub xeev-ntawm-lub-kos duab lub suab thiab teeb pom kev zoo muaj nyob rau ntawm lub monument txhua txhua hmo tshwj tsis yog rau hnub Friday. Nws piav txog keeb kwm ntawm Delhi los ntawm nws 10 lub nroog, pib txij xyoo pua 11th ntawm Prithviraj Chauhan.

Lub National Zoological Park nyob ib sab ntawm Purana Qila, txawm hais tias nws tsis yog qhov yuav tsum tau pom. Yog tias koj muaj menyuam yaus lossis nyiam cov khoom siv tes ua, lub tswv yim zoo dua yog coj lawv mus rau National Crafts Tsev khaws puav pheej zoo sib tham.

India Gate, qhov chaw nco txog rau cov tub rog uas tau ploj tuag hauv Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog Zaum 1, nyob ze. Nws muaj qhov chaw ua si nrov me nyuam yaus.

Yog tias koj tsis muaj lub ntxa txaus, koj yuav pom ntau dua hauv Lodhi Garden, mus rau sab hnub poob ntawm Humayun lub qhov ntxa. Nkag mus yog dawb thiab nws qhov chaw zoo nkauj siv sijhawm qee lub sijhawm. Thaum koj nyob ntawd, rau qhov kev paub dhau los, tshawb xyuas cov yeeb yuj txoj kev kos duab thiab cov khw muag khoom tsim hauv Lodhi Colony. Lossis, lob tom noj ntawm ib lub tsev noj mov trendy.

Cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum mus rau Anokhi lub khw muag khoom luv nqi hauv Nizamuddin East kev lag luam rau cov nqi pheej yig ntawm cov poj niam cov khaub ncaws ua los ntawm cov ntaub thaiv cov paj rwb. Nws tau kaw hnub Sunday. Muaj qee lub khw muag khoom nrov hauv cheeb tsam ib yam nkaus. Khan Market muaj hip, khw muag khoom thiab cafes. Sundar Nagar tshwj xeeb hauv kev kos duab zoo nkauj thiab cov khoom qub. Lajpat Nagar is abuzz with middle-class Indian bargain hunters.

Hla tus dej, Swaminarayam Akshardham yog lwm qhov chaw nyiam neeg ncig tebchaws hauv Delhi. Lub tuam tsev tshiab tshiab no nthuav qhia cov kab lis kev cai Indian. Nws muaj ntau yam kev nthuav qhia thiab xav tau ib nrab hnub los tshawb xyuas kom meej.