Egypt's Top 10 Ancient Sites

2024 Tus sau: Cyrus Reynolds | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-08 03:51

Yog tias koj tab tom npaj mus ncig tebchaws Iyiv, siv sijhawm los tshawb txog lub tebchaws ntau yam khoom muaj nqis thaum ub. Kev vam meej ntawm Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws tau kav ntev dua 3,000 xyoo, thaum lub sijhawm nws cov thawj coj tau ua lawv lub cim rau lawv lub nceeg vaj nrog ntau qhov kev tsim vaj tsev zoo nkauj heev. Cov kws tsim vaj tsev ntawm Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws tau nce siab heev uas niaj hnub no, ntau ntawm cov monuments tseem muaj sia nyob - qee qhov ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv qhov zoo kawg nkaus. Tau ntau txhiab xyoo, cov pyramids, cov tuam tsev, thiab cov sphinxes ntawm cov pharaohs uas ploj mus ntev tau ua qhov tsis txaus ntseeg rau cov neeg tuaj saib thoob plaws ntiaj teb.

Pyramids ntawm Giza

Nyob rau sab nrauv ntawm Cairo, Giza suav nrog peb lub pyramid sib txawv. Cov no yog Great Pyramid ntawm Khufu, Pyramid ntawm Khafre thiab Pyramid ntawm Menkaure. Lub Great Pyramid yog ib qho ntawm Xya Lub Ntiaj Teb Lub Ntiaj Teb, thiab tsuas yog ib qho tseem nyob niaj hnub no. Txhua lub tsev muaj lub qhov ntxa ntawm tus vaj ntxwv Egyptian sib txawv, thiab nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lawv yog Sphinx, uas nws lub npe Arabic txhais tau tias "Leej Txiv ntawm Kev ntshai". Incredibly, cov duab puab zoo li miv no yog carved los ntawm ib pob zeb pob zeb. Giza lub pyramids thiab Sphinx tau tsim muaj kwv yees li 4,500 xyoodhau los thaum lub sij hawm plaub dynasty ntawm Egypt lub qub Kingdom. Nws xav tias Pyramid ntawm Khufu ib leeg xav tau 20,000 tus neeg ua haujlwm thiab ob lab pob zeb.

Karnak Tuam Tsev Complex

Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, lub Tuam Tsev Karnak yog lub npe hu ua "qhov chaw xaiv ntau tshaj", thiab muab siab rau kev pe hawm Vajntxwv ntawm txhua tus Vajtswv, Amun-Ra. Ib feem ntawm lub nroog qub ntawm Thebes, lub complex tau tsim ntau tshaj li 1,500 xyoo, los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm Senusret kuv mus rau lub sij hawm Ptolemaic. Nws yog qhov chaw tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev pe hawm rau cov neeg Thebans thaum ub, thiab niaj hnub no cov ruins complex nthuav dav thoob plaws thaj tsam loj uas ntsuas tau zoo tshaj 240 daim av. Nws suav nrog cov tuam tsev zoo nkauj, cov tsev teev ntuj, kiosks, pylons thiab obelisks, tag nrho rau cov vaj tswv Theban. Nws yog qhov thib ob loj tshaj plaws kev cai dab qhuas complex nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, thaum lub Hypostyle Hall nyob rau hauv lub Great Tuam Tsev ntawm Amun yog suav hais tias yog ib tug ntawm lub ntiaj teb no tus loj tshaj plaws architectural masterpieces.

Temple of Luxor

Lub Tuam Tsev Luxor zaum ntawm ntug dej sab hnub tuaj ntawm tus Nile hauv nruab nrab ntawm Luxor, lub nroog uas paub txog thaum ub yog Thebes. Kev tsim kho tau pib los ntawm New Kingdom pharaoh Amenophis III nyob rau hauv kwv yees li 1392 BC, thiab ua tiav los ntawm Ramesses II. Lub tuam tsev tau siv los ua kev zoo siab rau kev ua koob tsheej thiab kev ua koob tsheej, suav nrog kev ua koob tsheej Theban txhua xyoo ntawm Opet. Thaum lub sijhawm ua koob tsheej no, cov mlom ntawm Amun-Ra, nws tus poj niam Mut thiab lawv tus menyuam Khonsu tau raug coj los ntawm Karnak mus rau Luxor hauv ib qho kev tshwm sim.kev ua koob tsheej ntawm kev sib yuav thiab fertility. Lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Luxor tau dim raws li lub tuam tsev nyob rau hauv Greeks thiab Loos, ib zaug yog lub tsev teev ntuj, thiab niaj hnub no Muslim mosque tseem nyob hauv ib qho ntawm nws lub tsev. Lub Tuam Tsev Luxor tau teeb pom kev zoo thaum hmo ntuj yog li nws tsim nyog mus xyuas qhov chaw thaum hnub poob.

Valley of the Kings

Los ntawm 16th mus rau 11th caug xyoo BC, cov Egyptian pharaohs tso tseg lub tswv yim ntawm pyramids ua qhov chaw faus thiab txiav txim siab ua kev zoo siab rau lub neej tom qab hauv lub Hav Vaj Ntxwv. Lub hav yog nyob rau sab qaum teb Luxor nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm tus dej Nile. Ntawm no, cov pharaohs tau mummified thiab faus rau hauv qhov ntxa tob nrog rau lawv cov tsiaj nyiam thiab cov khoom dawb huv. Ntawm cov no, lub qhov ntxa ntawm Tutankhamun yog kab tias nto moo tshaj plaws, tab sis rau hnub tim, tsis muaj tsawg tshaj li 64 lub qhov ntxa thiab cov chav tau pom nyob rau hauv lub hav. Lub hav ntawm tus poj huab tais nyob rau yav qab teb kawg ntawm lub necropolis, uas yog qhov chaw uas huab tais thiab lawv cov me nyuam raug cuam tshuam. Ntau lub qhov ntxa ntxiv nyob ntawm no, suav nrog Ramesses II tus poj niam poj huab tais Nefertari.

Abu Simbel

Nyob hauv tebchaws Iziv yav qab teb, lub tuam tsev Abu Simbel yog ib qho ntawm lub ntiaj teb qub qub tshaj plaws uas pom tau. Cov tuam tsev qub qub tau muab tso rau hauv pob zeb pob zeb thaum lub sij hawm kav Ramesses II. Nws yog xav tias lawv tau tsim los ua kev zoo siab rau vajntxwv txoj kev yeej ntawm cov Hitis hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Kades. Lub Tuam Tsev Loj yog 98 ko taw (30 meters) siab thiab muaj plaub tus mlom loj heev ntawm Ramesses zaum ntawm nws lub zwm txwvhnav lub crowns ntawm ob sab qis thiab Upper Egypt. Lub Tuam Tsev Me yog muab siab rau Ramesses tus poj niam, Nefertari. Tom qab lub pas dej Aswan tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1960, qhov chaw qub txeeg qub tes tau raug txiav rau hauv cov block loj, uas tom qab ntawd tau txav ib qho los ntawm ib qho mus rau hauv av siab dua thiab rov ua dua txhawm rau tiv thaiv dej nyab.

Pyramid ntawm Djoser

Lub Pyramid ntawm Djoser nyob hauv Saqqara necropolis ntawm Ancient Egyptian peev Memphis. Tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 27th BC, nws yog lub npe hu ua pyramid thaum ntxov, thiab nws cov kauj ruam yog ib tug qauv rau sleeker, du-sided pyramids ntawm qhov chaw xws li Giza. Nws tau tsim los tuav cov seem ntawm Pharaoh Djoser los ntawm nws tus kws tsim vaj tsev, Imhotep, uas tau teeb tsa ntau yam ua ntej nrog nws txoj kev tsim tshiab. Ntawm 204 ko taw (63 meters), nws yog lub tsev siab tshaj plaws ntawm nws lub sijhawm, thiab nws tseem xav tias yog ib qho piv txwv ntxov tshaj plaws ntawm pob zeb architecture. Rau nws qhov kev ua tiav zoo, Imhotep tom qab ntawd tau lees paub tias yog tus vaj tswv ntawm cov kws tsim vaj tsev thiab kws kho mob. Nyob rau hauv nws lub hnub qub, lub pyramid yuav tau them nrog polished dawb limestone.

Temple of Horus ntawm Edfu

Lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Horus ntawm Edfu yog suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws khaws cia ntawm txhua qhov qub Egyptian monuments. Nws tau tsim nyob nruab nrab ntawm 237 thiab 57 BC thaum lub sijhawm Ptolemaic dynasty thiab qhuas tus falcon-headed vajtswv Horus. Horus ua tiav ntau lub luag haujlwm sib txawv thiab tau paub tias yog tus vajtswv ntawm lub ntuj thiab tus vajtswv ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog thiab kev yos hav zoov. Lub tuam tsev complex yog loj, thiab muaj ib tugimpressive pylon thiab lub tsev yug me nyuam, nrog zoo heev reliefs thiab carvings depicting ntau yam dab neeg ntawm Horus. Inscriptions hu ua tsev ntawv kuj tau khaws cia thiab piav qhia txog keeb kwm ntawm lub tuam tsev kev tsim kho. Edfu nyob ntawm ib nrab ntawm Aswan thiab Luxor thiab yog qhov chaw nres tsheb ntau heev ntawm Nile River cruises.

Temple of Kom Ombo

Lub Tuam Tsev Kom Ombo yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov nws yog ob lub tuam tsev, nrog ob lub symmetrical halves mob siab rau ob lub triads sib txawv ntawm vajtswv. Ib nrab yog mob siab rau Horus Tus Txwj Laug, Tasenetnofret thiab lawv tus menyuam Panebtawy. Lwm ib nrab yog mob siab rau Sobek, khej deity ntawm creation thiab fertility, thiab nws tsev neeg Hathor thiab Khonsu. Cov tuam tsev yog ib qho zoo kawg nkaus vim lawv qhov kev sib haum xeeb zoo kawg nkaus thiab vim lawv qhov chaw zoo nkauj ntawm ntug dej. Kev tsim kho tau pib los ntawm Ptolemy VI Philometor nyob rau thaum ntxov xyoo pua 2 BC. Ob lub tuam tsev piav txog lawv cov vajtswv nrog rau lawv tsev neeg thiab tau tsim los siv cov xuab zeb hauv zos. Cov tuam tsev muaj cov piv txwv zoo ntawm hieroglyphs, kem carved, thiab reliefs.

Temple of Dendera

Lub Dendera complex tsev yog ib lub tsev zoo tshaj plaws khaws cia Ancient Egyptian tuam tsev, lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Hathor. Hathor yog tus vajtswv poj niam ntawm kev hlub, kev ua niam ua txiv, thiab kev xyiv fab, feem ntau piav qhia hauv daim ntawv ntawm nyuj nrog lub hnub ci. Lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Hathor tau tsim tsa thaum lub sijhawm Ptolemaic dynasty, txawm hais tias nws tau xav tias lub hauv paus yuav tau muab tso rau hauv Middle Kingdom. Nws yog ib tug loj complex, npogntau tshaj 430, 500 square feet (40, 000 square meters). Lub Dendera Zodiac pib los ntawm qhov chaw no, thiab muaj qee cov duab zoo nkauj thiab cov duab zoo nkauj, suav nrog cov duab ntawm Cleopatra thiab nws tus tub Caesarion. Lub tuam tsev nyob sab qaum teb ntawm Luxor thiab feem ntau yog thawj qhov chaw nres tsheb rau cov neeg caij nkoj hla tus Dej Nile.

Temple of Isis

Lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Isis tau tsim nyob rau ntawm cov kob ntawm Philae, qhov chaw ntawm kev ntseeg Isis hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo pua 7 BC. Niaj hnub no lub tuam tsev rov qab mus rau 370 BC, thaum lub sij hawm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tau pib los ntawm Ptolemy II Philadelphus thiab ntxiv mus txog rau thaum txoj cai ntawm Roman huab tais Diocletian. Cov chaw me me thiab thaj chaw nyob ze ntawm lub tuam tsev tseem ceeb ua kev zoo siab rau cov dab neeg uas koom nrog hauv Isis thiab Osiris dab neeg. Philae yog ib qho kawg ntawm kev ntseeg ntawm Egyptian kev ntseeg, muaj sia nyob ob puas xyoo tom qab Roman faj tim teb chaws hloov siab los ntseeg. Tus vajtswv poj niam ntawm kev ua niam ua txiv thiab kev muaj menyuam, Isis yog ib tus vajtswv nrov uas nws txoj kev ntseeg tau nthuav dav thoob plaws tebchaws Roman thiab dhau mus. Niaj hnub no, lub tuam tsev tau tsiv mus nyob ze Agilkia Island kom tiv thaiv dej nyab.