Chittorgarh Fort hauv Rajasthan: Phau Ntawv Qhia Ua tiav

2024 Tus sau: Cyrus Reynolds | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-08 03:33

Illustrious Chittorgarh Fort yog lub peev ntawm lub ntiaj teb txoj kev kav ntev tshaj plaws, lub nceeg vaj ntawm Mewar, rau ntau yim xyoo pua. Tsis tsuas yog nws suav tias yog lub fort loj tshaj plaws hauv Rajasthan, nws yog ib lub forts loj tshaj plaws hauv Is Nrias teb thiab UNESCO World Heritage Site. Lub fort yog qhov chaw ntawm ntau qhov xwm txheej txaus ntshai thiab txaus ntshai thaum lub sijhawm nws, qee qhov kev tshoov siab rau 2018 Indian lub sijhawm ua yeeb yaj kiab "Padmaavat" (raws li ib zaj paj huam uas hais txog cov lus dab neeg ntawm poj huab tais Padmavati, tus poj niam ntawm 14th caug xyoo. huab tais Maharawal Ratan Singh).

Kawm paub ntxiv txog keeb kwm tseem ceeb ntawm Chittorgarh Fort thiab yuav ua li cas mus xyuas nws hauv phau ntawv qhia no.

History

Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm Chittorgarh Fort tuaj yeem taug qab mus rau xyoo pua 7, thaum Chitrangad Mori ntawm Maurya dynasty tau hais tias tau tso nws lub hauv paus. Lub fort tuaj rau hauv muaj ntawm Bappa Rawal, uas tsim lub Mewar dynasty, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab xyoo pua 8th. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qhov tsis sib haum xeeb txog qhov nws tshwm sim li cas. Los yog nws tau txais lub fort ua khoom plig khoom plig, lossis txeeb nws hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau ua lub fort lub peev ntawm nws lub nceeg vaj tshiab dav dav, uas tau nthuav dav txhua txoj kev los ntawm Gujarat xeev mus rau Ajmer, hauv 734.

Txhua yam zoomus txog rau 1303, thaum lub fortress tau tawm tsam thawj zaug los ntawm Allaudin Khilji, tus thawj coj phem ntawm Delhi Sultanate. Puas yog vim nws xav tau lub fort muaj zog thiab muaj kev sib tw rau nws tus kheej? Los yog, raws li cov lus dab neeg, nws puas yog vim nws xav tau huab tais tus poj niam zoo nkauj Padmavati (Padmini) thiab xav kom nws ua nws lub harem?

Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tshwm sim yog kev puas tsuaj. Kwv yees li 30,000 tus neeg nyob hauv lub fortress raug tua, huab tais raug ntes los yog tua nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, thiab Padmavati tua nws tus kheej (nrog rau lwm tus poj huab tais) kom tsis txhob raug thuam los ntawm Allaudin Khilji thiab nws cov tub rog.

Lub Mewars tau tswj hwm lub Chittorgarh Fort thiab rov tsim txoj cai ntawm lawv lub nceeg vaj nyob rau hauv 1326. Rana Kumbha tau ntxiv dag zog rau feem ntau ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm lub fort thaum nws kav los ntawm 1433 txog 1468. Qhov thib ob nres ntawm lub fort tshwm sim. ob peb centuries tom qab ntawd nyob rau hauv 1535, los ntawm Sultan Bahadur Shah ntawm Gujarat uas xav kom nthuav nws thaj chaw. Txij thaum ntawd los, cov thawj coj Mewar tau tsim lawv lub nceeg vaj los ua tub rog kom suav nrog. Nws tsis tau txwv lub Sultan los ntawm yeej kev sib ntaus sib tua ho. Txawm hais tias huab tais tus poj ntsuam niam, Rani Karnavati, thov rau Mughal Emperor Humayun kom pab, nws tsis tuaj txog lub sijhawm. Vajntxwv thiab nws tus tijlaug, Udai Singh II, khiav dim. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau hais tias 13,000 tus poj niam tau sib sau ua ke lawv tus kheej hauv kev nyiam tso tseg.

Nws yog qhov kev yeej luv luv vim tias Emperor Humayun sai sai tshem tawm Sultan ntawm Chittorgarh thiab rov ua dua tus huab tais Mewar uas tsis muaj kev paub, Rana Vikramaditya, tej zaum xav tias nws tuaj yeem ua tau.yooj yim tswj nws.

Txawm li cas los xij, tsis zoo li ntau tus thawj coj Rajput, Mewars tsis xa mus rau Mughals. Kev kub siab tau siv, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug grueling tawm tsam ntawm lub fort los ntawm Mughal Emperor Akbar nyob rau hauv 1567. Nws pab tub rog yuav tsum tau khawb tunnels mus txog rau lub fort phab ntsa, thiab ces blast cov phab ntsa nrog mines thiab cannons ua txhaum lawv, tab sis thaum kawg ua tau zoo. tuav lub fort nyob rau hauv 1568. Rana Udai Singh II twb tau ua nws getaway, tawm hauv lub fortress nyob rau hauv txhais tes ntawm nws Chieftains. Kaum tawm txhiab tus pej xeem raug tua los ntawm Akbar cov tub rog thiab lwm qhov kev tua neeg loj tau ua los ntawm Rajput cov poj niam hauv lub fort.

Lub peev Mewar tom qab tau rov tsim dua hauv Udaipur (qhov chaw uas tsev neeg muaj koob muaj npe tseem nyob thiab tau hloov ib feem ntawm lawv lub tsev cia puav pheej rau hauv tsev cia puav pheej). Akbar tus tub hlob, Jehangir, tau kawg muab lub fort rov qab rau Mewars nyob rau hauv 1616 raws li ib feem ntawm kev sib haum xeeb alliance treaty. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev cog lus tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm kev ua haujlwm kho lossis kho dua tshiab. Tom qab ntawd, Maharana Fateh Singh tau ntxiv ob peb lub tsev vaj tsev thaum nws kav los ntawm 1884 txog 1930. Cov neeg hauv zos tau ua tsev nyob rau hauv lub fort, tab sis tsim ib lub zos nyob rau hauv nws phab ntsa.

Qhov chaw

Chittorgarh Fort tau nthuav dav thoob plaws 700 daim av saum toj siab 180 meter (590 ko taw) siab txog ob teev sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Udaipur, nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm xeev Rajasthan. Lub toj thiab lub fort yog nyob ze ntawm tus dej Gambihiri, ua rau qhov chaw tshwj xeeb zoo nkauj.

Yuav mus ntsib Chittorgarh

Lub fort yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws mus xyuas ntawm ib hnub mus ncig lossis sab nraud los ntawm Udaipur, qhov chaw tshav dav hlau ze tshaj plaws. Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm kev mus rau qhov ntawd yog ntiav tsheb thiab tsav tsheb los ntawm ib qho ntawm ntau lub koom haum mus ncig hauv Udaipur (cia siab tias yuav them ib ncig ntawm 3, 500 rupees rau ib hnub) thiab siv National Highway 27.

Cov neeg uas tab tom mus ncig ntawm pob nyiaj siv yuav nyiam caij tsheb ciav hlau mus rau Chittorgarh. Yog tias koj tsis xav pib thaum ntxov (uas yog lub tswv yim zoo kom tsis txhob muaj cua sov), 12991 / Udaipur City - Jaipur Intercity Express tawm Udaipur thaum 6 teev sawv ntxov thiab tuaj txog hauv Chittorgarh thaum 8 teev sawv ntxov Cia siab tias yuav them txog 200 rupees kom tau ib lub tsheb rickshaw los ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb ciav hlau mus rau lub fort. Shared autos muaj tsawg dua. Rov qab mus rau Udaipur, ntes 12992 / Jaipur-Udaipur City Intercity Express rov qab thaum 7.05 teev tsaus ntuj. Xwb, yog tias koj xav tau kev tawm mus yav tav su, muaj ntau lub tsheb ciav hlau xaiv los ntawm.

Lub Palace ntawm Log thiab Royal Rajasthan ntawm Log Tsheb ciav hlau khoom kim heev tseem nres ntawm Chittorgarh.

Chittorgarh Fort yog pub dawb nkag thiab qhib txhua lub sijhawm. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum tau yuav daim pib yog tias koj xav mus xyuas qee qhov tshwj xeeb monuments xws li Padmini Palace (lub ntsiab attraction). Tus nqi yog 40 rupees rau Indians thiab 600 rupees rau cov neeg txawv teb chaws. Kev nkag yog los ntawm 9.30 teev sawv ntxov txog 5 teev tsaus ntuj. (kawg nkag) txhua hnub. Tsoomfwv lub tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Fateh Prakash Palace kuj tseem muaj tus nqi nkag ntawm 20 rupees rau cov neeg Khab thiab 100 rupees rau cov neeg txawv tebchaws. Nws raug kaw rau hnub Mondays.

Lub fort loj loj yuav xav kom koj muaj qee yamkev thauj mus los ncig. Yog tias koj tsis muaj koj lub tsheb, koj tuaj yeem ntiav tsheb kauj vab lossis pib rickshaw rau hnub. Cov no muaj nyob ze ntawm daim pib lub txee, nrog rau cov neeg ncig teb chaw cov lus qhia (pom zoo yog tias koj xav kawm txog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws keeb kwm ntawm lub fort). Yog tias koj txiav txim siab ntiav ib phau ntawv qhia, xyuas kom koj pheej yig thiab xaiv qhov zoo. Lawv cov nqi thiab kev paub yog sib txawv.

Cia yam tsawg kawg ntawm peb mus rau plaub teev kom pom cov monuments tseem ceeb. Lawv tag nrho cov cim ntawm Google Maps, uas muab txoj hauv kev yooj yim ntawm kev taug kev. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, lub sijhawm koj mus ntsib kom txaus siab rau hnub poob ntawm lub fort ib yam nkaus.

Cuaj hlis txog Lub Peb Hlis yog lub hlis zoo tshaj plaws mus xyuas lub fort, vim lub caij ntuj sov tshav kub (txij lub Plaub Hlis mus txog rau Lub Rau Hli) yog qhov hnyav heev thiab qhov no tau ua raws li lub caij monsoon mus txog rau thaum lub Yim Hli kawg. Chittorgarh tsis tau txais nag ntau, yog li nws tseem tsis xis nyob thaum lub caij ntuj sov.

Ua kom koj muaj kev tiv thaiv tshav ntuj xws li lub kaus mom, tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub, thiab khau taug kev yooj yim.

Nco ntsoov tias muaj liab nyob hauv lub fort. Lawv nyiam coj lawv tus kheej tab sis tuaj yeem ua tsis tau thiab yog li zam tau zoo tshaj plaws.

Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tseeb tias lub fort tuaj yeem nkag tau dawb txhais tau hais tias ntau tus neeg nyob hauv zos dai tawm. Cov poj niam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg txawv teb chaws, tuaj yeem tau txais kev saib xyuas tsis xav tau thiab tsis xis nyob thaum lub sijhawm.

Yog tias koj xav nyob hauv Chittorgarh es tsis mus xyuas nws ntawm ib hnub mus ncig, Chittorgarh Fort Haveli yog qhov kev xaiv nyiaj txiag tsim nyog uas nyob hauv cov phab ntsa fort ze ntawm Rampole Gate. Tus nqi ntawm 1, 500 txog 2, 500 rupees ($ 20 txog $ 34) ib hmos rau ob npaug. CovPadmini Haveli Guesthhome refurbished superbly, nyob rau hauv lub zos nyob rau hauv lub fort, kuj yog ib qho chaw zoo nyob. Cia siab tias yuav them 3, 500 txog 4, 500 rupees ($ 48 txog $ 62) ib hmos, suav nrog pluas tshais.

Padmini Havel muaj lub tsev noj mov saum ru tsev uas ua rau cov neeg tsis noj nqaij noj qab nyob zoo Rajasthani fare. Nws yog qhov chaw zoo siab kawg rau hnub, lossis noj su.

Pom Dab Tsi

Nkag mus rau lub fort yog ib qho kev paub hauv nws tus kheej, raws li koj yuav dhau los ntawm xya lub rooj vag loj loj uas muaj zog hu ua pols. Lub fort tseem tab tom txhim kho thiab kho dua tshiab, nrog rau cov haujlwm xav tias yuav ua kom tiav los ntawm 2020. Txog thaum ntawd, hmoov tsis tag nrho nws siv tau.

Padmini Palace, tsis xav tsis thoob, rub cov neeg coob coob. Lub tsev dawb, peb-zaj dab neeg no yog qhov tseeb xyoo pua 19th replica ntawm dab tsi poj huab tais Padmavati lub tsev qub yuav zoo li. Maharana Sajjan Singh tau hais kom nws tsim nyob rau xyoo 1880. Hmoov tsis zoo, ntau ntawm nws tau ploj mus. Cov neeg feem coob tuaj xyuas nws tsuas yog vim muaj cov lus dab neeg nto moo txuas nrog nws. Lub fort lwm qhov chaw tiag tiag yog tsim nyog pom ntau dua.

Lub tsev loj tshaj plaws xyoo pua 15th ntawm Rana Kumbha yog cov qauv loj tshaj plaws hauv lub fort thiab qhia txog tias nws txoj kev kav yuav tsum tau ua li cas. Rana Ratan Singh II lub evocative palace tau ntxiv nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 16th thiab zaum secluded los ntawm ib tug pas dej nyob rau sab qaum teb sab ntawm lub fort. Nws qhov chaw, nyob deb ntawm thaj chaw monument, txhais tau hais tias nws tsis tshua muaj neeg coob thiab qhov chaw zoo rau kev yees duab.

InsideNyob ze ntawm Fateh Prakash Palace, lub tsev khaws puav pheej tshiab uas tau kho dua tshiab muaj cov khoom siv dav dav, cov duab kos duab vaj ntxwv, cov duab puab medieval, tus qauv ntawm lub fort, thiab kev ua si zoo nkauj ntawm cov vaj ntxwv durbar ntawm Mewar vaj. Nws tsim nyog mus xyuas kom paub ntau ntxiv txog lub fort thiab nws cov keeb kwm tseem ceeb, nrog rau cov vaj tsev zoo nkauj zoo nkauj.

Lub fort muaj ob lub cim tseem ceeb tshaj plaws-Vijay Stambha (Power of Victory) tsim los ntawm Rana Kumbha los ua cim nws txoj kev kov yeej Mohammed Khilji ntawm Malwa nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 15th, thiab lub xyoo pua 12th Kirti Stambha (Power of Fame) ua los ntawm ib tug tub lag luam Jain los tsa tus thawj Jain tirthankara (tus xib fwb ntawm sab ntsuj plig) Adinath.

Lub fort muaj ntau lub cev dej, txhawb nqa ib pab tub rog loj, yog qhov txaus siab. Qhov loj yog qhov zoo nkauj Gaumukh reservoir nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm lub fort, tsis deb ntawm Vijay Stambha. Nws raug suav hais tias yog neeg dawb huv hauv zos thiab muaj ntses nyob hauv nws uas koj tuaj yeem noj.

Chittorgarh Fort kuj tseem cuam tshuam nrog lwm tus neeg keeb kwm muaj koob npe hauv Is Nrias teb, Meera Bai, tus kws sau paj huam ntawm sab ntsuj plig thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm tus Tswv Krishna. Nws tau sib yuav Mewar tub huabtais Bhojraj Singh nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 16th caug xyoo. Tom qab nws raug tua nyob rau hauv kev ua tsov ua rog, nws tau hais tias nws tsis kam ua sati (tso nws tus kheej ntawm nws lub ntees tuag pyre) thiab tsiv mus rau Vrindavan kom ntxiv nws txoj kev mob siab rau Tswv Krishna. Lub tuam tsev Meera nyob ze Vijay Stambha tau mob siab rau nws. Muaj ntau ntau lwm lub tuam tsev kho kom zoo kom pom, suav nrog qee lub tuam tsev zoo nkauj zoo nkauj zoo nkauj Jain.

Qhov chaw uas muaj vaj huam sib luag tshwm sim, hu ua MahaSati, yog thaj av hauv qab Vijay Stambha. Thaj, nws yog qhov chaw uas cov poj niam huab tais Rajput tua lawv tus kheej ib yam nkaus. Cov poj niam Rajput tuav ib xyoos ib zaug Jauhar Mela procession hauv lub fort hauv txhua lub Ob Hlis ua kev nco txog kev ua siab loj ntawm lawv cov poj koob yawm txwv uas tau xaiv qhov kev tuag no ua ntej kev txaj muag.

Yog tias koj xav hnov cov dab neeg hais txog lub fort keeb kwm thiab cov cim koom nrog hauv nws, koj tuaj yeem xav rov qab mus koom lub suab thiab teeb pom kev yav tsaus ntuj ntawm lub fort.

Yuav Ua Li Cas Nyob Ze

Muaj txaus ua nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam los tuav ib hnub. Nws koj xav mus yuav khoom, tsis txhob yuav ib yam dab tsi hauv Chittorgarh fort (koj yuav them ntau dhau thiab / lossis tau txais cov khoom tsis zoo). Hloov chaw, trawl lub khw hauv Chittorgarh lub nroog. Cov neeg nyiam yog Sadar Bazaar, Rana Sanga Market, Fort Road Market, thiab Gandhi Chowk. Koj yuav pom ntau yam khoom xws li hlau, textiles, paintings me me, tsoos Thewa hniav nyiaj hniav kub, khau tawv, menyuam roj hmab, thiab cov khoom ua si xuas tes ua. Akola luam tawm ntaub, ua los ntawm cov zaub dyes, yog ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm cheeb tsam.

Nagri, kwv yees li 25 feeb ntawm sab hnub tuaj ntawm Chittorgarh nrog rau tus dej Bairach, yog lub nroog tseem ceeb hauv nroog Madhyamika. Excavations tau pom cov nyiaj npib npib npib nyob rau hauv uas ntseeg tau mus txog rau tam sim no txog li ntawm lub xyoo pua 6 BC. Rajasthan lub tuam tsev qub tshaj plaws Vishnu, los ntawm lub xyoo pua 2 BC, kuj tau pom ntawm Nagri. Lub nroog tau vam meej thaum lub sijhawm Mauyan thiab Gupta, thiab tseem yog qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntseeg mus txog rau xyoo pua 7th. Nws yog nyob rau hauv ruinstam sim no, txawm tias cov npib qub pom tau tias tseem tig mus.

Muaj ntau yam pom hauv lub zos Bassi, li 15 feeb ntxiv ntawm Nagri. Handicrafts xws li sculptures, pottery thiab woodworks yog qhov tseem ceeb. Lwm qhov chaw ncig xyuas yog cov tuam tsev, lub qhov dej thiab cov cenotaphs.

Yog tias koj taug kev los ntawm txoj kev los ntawm Udaipur mus rau Chittorgarh, Sanwariyaji lub tuam tsev muab rau Tswv Krishna, tuaj yeem tuaj xyuas ntawm txoj kev loj li 50 feeb los ntawm Chittorgarh. Tsis ntev los no nws tau rov tsim kho dua tshiab thiab zoo li ntxim nyiam.